Cómo aprende nuestro cerebro

Cómo aprende nuestro cerebro

How Does Our Brain Learn?

Understanding the Brain's Functionality

  • The brain is essential for thinking, understanding, learning, and overall body function. It plays a crucial role in processing information.
  • Just as we have different physical features like faces and hair colors, each person has a unique brain that functions differently.

The Four Key Processes of Learning

1. Attention (The Lantern)

  • The first process is likened to a lantern that helps focus on important information. For example, when watching a video or listening to a teacher, the brain directs attention accordingly.
  • This process allows us to capture and retain significant information while filtering out distractions.

2. Visualization (The TV)

  • The second process involves creating mental images, akin to watching television. This helps in understanding concepts better by visualizing scenarios.
  • An example given is recognizing patterns in numbers through visualization—adding two and then one sequentially.

3. Sequential Processing (The Parrot)

  • The third process is compared to a parrot that can repeat words but lacks comprehension. This highlights the importance of meaningful learning over rote memorization.
  • When studying spelling, this parrot-like repetition may not be effective since it doesn't involve understanding the context or rules behind word formation.

4. Planning (The Conductor)

  • The final process acts as an orchestra conductor who plans and coordinates learning activities effectively.
  • This includes focusing on tasks at hand, choosing appropriate methods for learning based on needs (like using visualization or repetition), and monitoring progress.

Importance of Active Engagement

  • Engaging actively with these processes ensures effective learning; if any part "falls asleep," such as planning or attention, it can hinder understanding.

Problem-Solving Example

  • A riddle about Anna’s father illustrates how critical thinking engages all parts of the brain effectively when approached thoughtfully rather than impulsively.
Video description

'Cómo aprende nuestro cerebro' es un material pedagógico destinado al alumnado de la Educación Secundaria con el fin de explicar los procesos cognitivos que intervienen en el aprendizaje. Es un recurso para facilitar la estimulación cognitiva de los chicos y chicas de estas edades. Se puede utilizar de manera individual o bien en el grupo-clase. El material es un audiovisual que tiene una duración aproximada de 10 minutos. Los procesos cognitivos que se describen se basan en la teoría PASS (Planificación -- Atención -- Simultáneo -- Secuencial) de la inteligencia(Das, Naglieri & Kirby, 1994). Desde esta teoría se entiende la inteligencia como un fenómeno mental consistente en el procesamiento cerebral de la información que entra por vía visual, auditiva o cinestésica y se expresa por vía verbal o no verbal. Este material ha sido elaborado por Miguel Mellado Gállego (mellmiguel@gmail.com), Amèlia Mañà Domas (amelieta@gmail.com), Miriam Cortiñas Montero (miriamcortinyas@gmail.com) y Núria Graupera Giol (ngrauperagiol@gmail.com). Se trata de la adaptación de los vídeos de "Fundi y el Cerebro" (material pensado para estimular los procesos cognitivos en la Educación Infantil y la Primaria) y corresponde al trabajo final del Máster de Neuropsicopedagogía de la UdG organizado por la Fundació Carme Vidal Xifre. El vídeo se distribuye bajo una licencia creative commons.